What to pack for Florence in January

Lows around 37°F. Goes under the shell when the wind picks up.

Wear one, dry one. Cotton stays wet all week here.

The layer you'll wear more than any other.

Lows of 37°F mean exposed skin loses heat fast on the walk between museums.

Wind at 14 km/h cuts through layers, so fingers go numb without insulation.

Check ankles and, if there's a dog, paws and ears every night.

Cobblestones are slick when wet, and the nearest clinic isn't in your hotel.

This country runs on Type C, F or L. Get one with USB-C so you're not fighting over the single outlet.

Nine hours of daylight means your phone dies before sunset on a full day of walking.

Set it up before you land. Signal drops for long stretches outside cities.

Dark by 6:00pm. Every campsite chore after that is a two-hands job.

Museums and markets are walkable from the city center, so a small pack beats a rolling bag.

Fits the overhead on every airline that matters. Skip the checked-bag line entirely.

For the passport, the chargers, and the one dry pair of socks.

For the mornings and the nights.

Eleven rain days in January and the Arno wind tunnel turns your neck into the coldest spot.

Damp stone floors in churches and galleries pull warmth from your feet all day.

For temples, mosques, and churches that check at the door.

Tap water is safe but carrying your own bottle beats queuing at fountains.

One brick charges the laptop, phone, and camera.

Hotel and cafe wifi is shared with everyone else in the building. A VPN keeps your banking and email to yourself.

Pickpockets work the crowded galleries and trains year-round in tourist cities.

Airport transfers and train stations are where bags get lost in the rush.

Cold weather means bulky jackets take up half your luggage without cubes to compress them.

Eighty-one percent humidity and eleven damp days make mildew a real risk in packed clothes.

Lows around 37°F. One blanket that packs small covers the car, the campsite and the beach at sunset.

Train noise runs all night at stations near hotels, and earplugs alone won't block it.

The gap between 52°F highs and 37°F lows forces layering that packs flat.

Crowded galleries and transit mean germs spread fast in the low light of winter.

One outlet per room is standard, so short cables let you charge while moving around.

A few phrases go a long way. Ten minutes a day before you leave is plenty.

Border control and hotel check-ins both want to see your passport multiple times.

Shared hostel lockers and checked luggage need a lock that customs can open.

Hanging it in the bathroom keeps toiletries off the sink and away from mold.

Train seats are narrow and hotel pillows are firm, so your own neck support matters.